Refugee Protection

Overview

Refugee Protection in Canada

Canada has a long-standing commitment to providing protection to individuals who are at risk of persecution, torture, or cruel and unusual treatment or punishment. The refugee protection system is built on both domestic and international legal obligations.

Canada's refugee system consists of two main components: the In-Canada Asylum Program, for individuals making refugee claims from within Canada or at a port of entry, and the Refugee and Humanitarian Resettlement Program, for individuals outside Canada who are referred for resettlement.

The Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada (IRB) is the independent tribunal responsible for making decisions on refugee claims. A successful claim results in protected person status, which opens the door to permanent residence in Canada.

At Grandview Immigration, we provide compassionate and knowledgeable guidance for individuals seeking refugee protection in Canada. We understand the sensitive and often complex nature of these cases and work diligently to present complete and compelling claims.

In-Canada

Making a Claim Inside Canada

Individuals may make a refugee claim inside Canada if they face a well-founded fear of persecution based on race, religion, nationality, political opinion, or membership in a particular social group, or if they face a risk of torture or cruel and unusual treatment or punishment in their home country.

The in-Canada claim process generally involves:

• Making a claim at a port of entry or an IRCC office inland
• Eligibility review by an IRCC or Canada Border Services Agency officer
• Completion of the Basis of Claim (BOC) form, which sets out the details of the claim
• A hearing before the Refugee Protection Division of the IRB
• The IRB's decision — either granting protected person status or rejecting the claim

There are important limitations on who can make a refugee claim in Canada. Individuals who have made a previous claim that was rejected, who are subject to the Safe Third Country Agreement, or who have been found to be inadmissible on security or criminal grounds may be ineligible.

The claims process can be complex and emotionally taxing. Our team provides step-by-step guidance, helps prepare thorough BOC forms and supporting evidence, and advocates for your rights throughout the process.

Resettlement

Resettlement from Outside Canada

Individuals outside Canada who meet the international definition of a refugee may be eligible for resettlement to Canada through the Refugee and Humanitarian Resettlement Program. This pathway is available to those who have been referred by a designated organization.

There are several categories under which individuals may be resettled:

• Government-Assisted Refugees (GAR): Referred by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). The Canadian government provides financial and settlement support for the first year.
• Privately Sponsored Refugees (PSR): Sponsored by private sponsorship groups, organizations, or groups of five or more Canadian citizens or permanent residents who provide financial and settlement support.
• Blended Visa Office-Referred (BVOR): A partnership model where the government and private sponsors share the cost of sponsorship and settlement support.

Canada sets annual targets for refugee resettlement, and processing times vary based on the specific stream and country of origin. Our team can help connect eligible individuals with sponsorship groups and guide them through the application process.